Questions fréquentes

  • Definition
    A cairn is a pyramid of stones built by explorers as a landmark and physical record of their passage through an area. They are created and maintained over time by hikers who each add their own stone to this collaboratively constructed structure in order to guide those who follow.

    Picture of a cairn in the Pyrenees mountain range

    Found worldwide, this practice can be seen as a metaphor for the pursuit of knowledge: articles and books gradually map out fields of knowledge and serve as markers for others. Founded by a group of publishers seeking to pool their efforts and build on the benefits of the digital revolution, the Cairn.info portal embodies this trailblazing spirit.

  • Open Researcher and Contributor ID
    ORCID is an international non-profit organization backed by a diverse community of research organizations, publishers, funders, professional associations, and other actors in the research ecosystem. ORCID provides a registry of unique and persistent identifiers for researchers and authors of scholarly works. ORCID identifiers streamline trustworthy and transparent connections between researchers, their contributions, and their affiliations.
    www.orcid.org

  • Definition
    Discovery tool is a general, centralized index composed of data from publishers, content aggregators, and local sources (catalogs, institutional repositories, digitized collections, etc.), aimed at facilitating identification and access to documentary resources provided by the institution in question. Unlike federated search, which queries several publishers’ databases simultaneously via “connectors,” a discovery tool queries a unified database.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_system_(bibliographic_search)

  • IdRef - Identifiers and Repositories for Higher Education and Research
    IdRef is a public interface for consulting authority records produced by member institutions of the French higher education and research documentary networks (Sudoc, Calames, Star). IdRef is available for authorized professional users to create/correct/enrich authority records. IdRef also provides a range of freely available services to facilitate data reuse (triplestore data.idref.fr, OAI-PMH repository, APIs).
    www.idref.fr

  • Moving wall
    Period after which the commercial exploitation of a publication ends and it becomes freely accessible to any internet user. Its duration depends on the specific journal, economic model, and discipline, but generally ranges from 1 to 3 years.

  • Concept
    The status of "mission-driven company" is granted to companies that include social and/or environmental objectives in their bylaws and update their operating methods to ensure this mission is fulfilled. Beyond merely seeking profit, a mission-driven company aims to make a positive contribution to society or the environment.
    entreprendre.service-public.fr

    Legislation
    Article 176 of the law dated May 22, 2019 on corporate growth and transformation (PACTE Law) introduced the status of mission-driven company. Companies aspiring to this status must publicly declare their purpose, along with one or more social and environmental objectives that it commits to pursuing as part of its activities. Both elements must be included in the company’s articles of incorporation and submitted to the relevant commercial court, in accordance with the procedures outlined in Decree No. 2020-1 of January 2, 2020. The company will then be listed as a mission-driven company in the SIRENE database (directory of businesses and establishments).
    economie.gouv.fr